Technological watch

By developing the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology and patient-specific medicine, 3D calcium phosphate cement, designed for every complex defect, remains a new challenge. This study developed a novel printable calcium polyphosphate (CPP) powder by adding alginoplast (ALG) to fabricated 3D cement using low-temperature binder jetting-based 3D printing without any sintering. The powder flowability and 3D cement biological properties were analyzed using Freeman technology, immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution, and MG63 human osteoblast-like cells culture. According to the Freeman technology, adding 10 wt% of ALG in CPP showed better powder flowability. Together with the SEM, XRD, and FTIR results, the high bioactivity potential of 3D cement containing ALG was recorded by the cauliflower-like carbonate apatite formation on the 3D cement surface after 21 days of immersion. Furthermore, the 3D cement porous microstructure provided a cell attachment. The number of cells showed the 3D cement biocompatibility increased by increasing the cell culture time in 3D cement extraction through the MTT result.