Biorefining of seed oil cakes as industrial co-streams for production of innovative bioplastics. A review
BackgroundNumerous different seeds are utilized for edible oil extraction and seed by-products following oil extraction, known as seed oil cakes, represent roughly 50% of the original seed weight. Since seed oil cakes are rich in fibers, proteins and secondary metabolites, they are considered as promising candidates to be raw material to be consumed in a biorefinery for the production of high-value added products according to circular economy paradigms. Several studies have been performed on the potential uses of seed oil cakes derived from different plant species.